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Ship Types, Hull Form and the Parts of a Ship

Cargo ship types from container to chemical tanker, then hull form, shell plating, strakes, decks and bulwarks — every named part of a ship defined.

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Ship Construction & Naval Architecture

Fundamental principles of ship design, equilibrium, static and dynamic stability, stresses, and structural integrity.

All topics

  1. Ship Types, Hull Form and the Parts of a Ship
  2. Principal Dimensions and Ship Reference Points
  3. Ship Hydrostatics: Buoyancy, Displacement and Trim
  4. Ship Stability: GM, Righting Levers and Free Surface
  5. Ship Stresses and Longitudinal Hull Strength
  6. Shipbuilding Materials, Welding and Weld Defects
  7. Double Bottom Structure and Bottom Framing
  8. Ship Bulkheads: Watertight, Corrugated and Fire
  9. Fore End Structure: Panting, Pounding and the Stem
  10. Aft End Structure: Stern Frame and Shafting
  11. Marine Propeller, Rudder and Steering Gear
  12. Decks, Openings and Watertight Closing Appliances
  13. Midship Sections Compared by Type of Ship
  14. Offshore Vessels, Rigs and Dynamic Positioning
  15. Ship Resistance, Hull Form and Propulsion
  16. Load Line, Freeboard and Tonnage Measurement
  17. Shipyard Practice: How a Ship Is Built and Launched
  18. Ship Classification, Surveys and Drydocking

Safety

Maritime safety and pollution-prevention conventions — SOLAS, STCW and MARPOL — covering certificates, records, emergency procedures and Port State Control readiness.

MARPOL

  1. MARPOL 73/78: The Convention & Its Six Annexes
  2. MARPOL Annex I — Prevention of Pollution by Oil
  3. MARPOL Annex II — Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk
  4. MARPOL Annex III — Harmful Substances in Packaged Form
  5. MARPOL Annex IV — Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships
  6. MARPOL Annex V — Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships
  7. MARPOL Annex VI — Air Pollution: SOx, NOx & Exhaust Gas Cleaning
  8. MARPOL Annex VI — Emission Reduction, EEDI, EEXI & CII

SOLAS

  1. SOLAS Chapter IX — ISM Code & Safety Management Systems
  2. SOLAS Chapter XI — ISPS Code & Maritime Security
  3. SOLAS Chapter III — Life-Saving Appliances & Arrangements
  4. SOLAS Chapter V — Safety of Navigation (AIS, LRIT & VDR)
  5. SOLAS Chapter II-2 — Fire Protection, Detection & Extinction
  6. SOLAS Chapter VII — Carriage of Dangerous Goods & IMDG Code
  7. SOLAS Chapter XII — Additional Safety Measures for Bulk Carriers
  8. SOLAS Chapter II-1 — Construction: Subdivision, Stability, Machinery & Electrical
  9. SOLAS Chapter VI — Carriage of Cargoes & Oil Fuels
  10. SOLAS Chapter IV — Radio Communications (GMDSS)
  11. SOLAS Chapter VIII — Nuclear Ships & Reactor Safety
  12. SOLAS Chapter X — Safety Measures for High-Speed Craft (HSC Code)
  13. SOLAS Chapters XIII & XIV — Verification of Compliance & Polar Code

General

  1. Major Certificates & Documents to Carry On Board
  2. The Saturday Routine: Planned Maintenance Checks
  3. Dry-Docking: Preparation, Procedure & Survey
  4. Bunkering & Oil Transfer: Precautions & Procedures
  5. Conditions of Assignment of Freeboard
  6. Why Oil Tankers Have Less Freeboard
  7. Safety on Oxygen & Acetylene Bottles
  8. Tonnage Measurement: Gross & Net Tonnage
  9. Load Line: Marks, Letters & Conventions
  10. Loadicator / Loading Computer
  11. Difference Between Audit and Survey
  12. Emergency Generator: Testing & Requirements
  13. MGPS — Marine Growth Prevention / Anti-Fouling System
  14. Quick Closing Valve: Construction & Working
  15. How to Measure the Depth of the Ship (Echo Sounder)
  16. New Amendments (1 January 2013): SOLAS & MARPOL
  17. Ship Accommodation, Midship Section & Container Stowage
  18. Rudder: Construction, Types & Support
  19. Fuel Consumption & Speed Relationship
  20. Maritime Codes & Conventions: The Complete List
  21. STCW: The Convention & Its Eight Chapters
  22. Emergency Safeguards: Remote Fuel Shut-offs, Skylights & Fire Dampers

Life Saving Appliances

  1. LSA Chapter 1: Categories of LSA & Personal Life-Saving Appliances
  2. LSA Chapter 2: Pyrotechnics, VHF, SART, EPIRB & GMDSS
  3. LSA Chapter 3: Line Throwing, EEBD & SCABA
  4. LSA Chapter 4: Life Rafts — Capacity, Equipment & Launching
  5. LSA Chapter 5: Lifeboats — Types, Engine, Davit & Drills

Fire Safety

  1. Classes of Fire & Portable Fire Extinguishers on Ships
  2. Ship Fire Detectors: Heat, Smoke & Flame Types
  3. CO2 Fixed Fire-Fighting System on Ships
  4. Ship Sprinkler & Hypermist (Water Mist) Systems
  5. Ship Fire Main & Emergency Fire Pump System
  6. Deck Foam & Inert Gas (IG) Systems on Tankers
  7. Fire Control Plan, Muster List & Flooding Response

Auxiliary Machinery & Shipboard Systems

MEO Class 4 MEP — shaft seals, heat exchangers, air compressors, pumps, steering gear, refrigeration, purifiers, pipelines, valves, FWG, oily water separators, sewage treatment plants, engine maintenance and watchkeeping.

Shaft Seals & Packing

  1. Shaft Seals & Packing — Wiper Rings, Mechanical & Labyrinth Seals

Heat Exchangers

  1. Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers: Working, Construction, Overhaul & Retubing
  2. Plate Heat Exchangers: Working, Operation, Maintenance & Troubleshooting

Air Compressors

  1. Air Compressor Principle, Thermodynamics & Multistage Advantages
  2. Air Compressor Types & Classification
  3. Air Compressor Construction — Pistons, Rings, Valves & Running Gear
  4. Air Compressor Working — Cycle, Volumetric Efficiency, Coolers & Capacity
  5. Air Compressor Operations — Lubrication, Drains & Running
  6. Air Compressor Maintenance — Lapping, Clearances & Overhaul
  7. Air Compressor Safety — Relief Devices, Receivers & SOLAS
  8. Air Compressor Troubleshooting — Interstage Pressure & Fault Finding

Steering Gear

  1. Steering Gear Rules — Main and Auxiliary Gear, Performance and Tests
  2. Rudder, Stock and Carrier Bearing — Weardown, Rudder Drop and Pintle Clearance
  3. Tiller and Rapson Slide — Mechanical Advantage, Clearances and Fastenings
  4. Ram Type Steering Gear — Two and Four Rams, Valve Chests and Change-Over
  5. Variable Delivery Pumps — Hele-Shaw, V.S.G., Sunstrand and Hastie
  6. Rotary Vane Steering Gear — Principle, Pressure Limit and Ram Comparison
  7. Steering Gear Control Systems — Telemotor, Hunting Gear and Floating Lever
  8. Emergency Steering — Changeover Pin, Hand Pump and the Three-Monthly Drill
  9. Steering Gear Checks and Tests — Daily Rounds, the 12-Hour Test and Drills
  10. Steering Gear Maintenance — Rudder Drop, Bearing Clearances and Overhaul
  11. Steering Gear Failures — Relief Valves, Split Circuits and the Alarm Chain
  12. Steering Gear Safety — Stored Energy, Isolation and Enclosed Space Entry

Refrigeration Plant

  1. Refrigeration Principles and the Vapour Compression Cycle
  2. Refrigerants
  3. The Refrigeration Compressor
  4. Condensers, Evaporators and Heat Transfer
  5. Expansion Valves and Liquid Level Control
  6. Controls, Safety Devices and Circuit Components
  7. Oil in Refrigerant Systems
  8. System Operation, Watchkeeping and Shipboard Procedures
  9. Troubleshooting and Fault-Finding
  10. Air Conditioning
  11. Maintenance, Overhaul, Inspection and Repair
  12. Safety and Emergencies

Purifiers & Centrifuges

  1. Purifier Principle: Centrifugal Separation & Stokes' Law
  2. Purifier Types: Purifier vs Clarifier, Disc vs Tubular
  3. Purifier Construction: Bowl, Disc Stack and Drive
  4. Purifier Working: Three-Phase Flow & Gravity Disc
  5. Purifier Operations: Start-Up, Running & Conditioning
  6. Purifier Maintenance: Cleaning, Inspection & Overhaul
  7. Purifier Safety: Emergency Stop, Fire-Fighting & Vibration Response
  8. Purifier Troubleshooting: Fault Diagnosis and Fixes

Pipelines & Valves

  1. Ship Pipelines — Seawater, Bilge, Ballast & Fuel Systems
  2. Globe, Gate & Non-Return (SDNR) Valves: Working, Troubleshooting & Overhaul
  3. Butterfly Valves: Working, Construction, Troubleshooting & Overhaul
  4. Sea Chests (High/Low Suction) & Marine Growth Prevention (MGPS)
  5. Sea Chest Strainers: Construction, Standby-First Changeover & Safe Cleaning
  6. Pipe Corrosion, Water Hammer & Failure Response
  7. Steam Traps, Pressure Reducing Valves (PRVs) & Condensate Drainage

Oily Water Separator

  1. Why the Oily Water Separator Is Fitted
  2. When You May Discharge — MARPOL Annex I Limits, Distances and Special Areas
  3. How Oily Water Separation Works — Gravity, Coalescence and Why Turbulence Ruins It
  4. OWS Pump Selection and the Suction Mode — Why the Pump Decides the Result
  5. Inside the Oily Water Separator — Plates, Probes, Relief Valve and Siphon Breaker
  6. Oil Content Monitoring and the 15 ppm Trip — Optics, Fluorescence and Testing
  7. The Bilge System the Separator Serves
  8. Operating the Oily Water Separator
  9. Troubleshooting the Oily Water Separator — Ten Faults, Cause by Cause
  10. Maintenance of the Oily Water Separator — the Twelve Points and the Compliance Items
  11. Oily Sludge and Its Disposal
  12. Safety on the Oily Water Separator

Sewage Treatment Plant

  1. What Sewage Is — the Definition, the Daily Volumes, and Why It Must Be Treated
  2. Aerobic and Anaerobic Breakdown — Why the Colony Dies and How Long Recovery Takes
  3. Where Sewage May Be Discharged — the 3 Mile and 12 Mile Rules
  4. The Sewage Treatment Plant — Aeration, Settling and Chlorination
  5. Retention, Holding and Zero-Discharge Systems — Holding Tanks, Vacuum Toilets and Elsan
  6. Effluent Quality — BOD, Suspended Solids and Coliform Count
  7. Sludge Disposal — Overboard at Sea, Sullage Tank, or Incinerator
  8. Troubleshooting the Sewage Plant — Ten Faults, Cause by Cause
  9. Maintenance of the Sewage Plant — Desludging, Aeration and the Daily Checks
  10. Safety on the Sewage Plant — Gas Hazards and Enclosed Space Entry

Workshop & Practicals

  1. Marine Workshop Practicals — Vernier, NDT, Heat Treatment, Threads & Changeovers

FWG & Hydrophore

  1. Fresh Water Generator — Vacuum Boiling, Operation & Faults
  2. Hydrophore & Water Supply — Pressure on Demand
  3. Reverse Osmosis (RO) Desalination Plants — Membranes, High-Pressure Pumping & Water Quality

Aux Engines

  1. What the Auxiliary Engine Is — Why It Is a Four-Stroke Medium-Speed Machine
  2. The Diesel Generator Set — Bedding Down, Coupling and Driving the Alternator
  3. The Engine Structure — Bedplate, Frame, Crankshaft and Main Bearings
  4. The Moving Parts — Liner, Piston, Gudgeon Pin and Connecting Rod Wear
  5. The Valve Gear and Fuel Injection — Valves, Camshaft Drive, Pumps and Injectors
  6. Starting the Engine — Air Start Valve, Distributor and the Four Interlocks
  7. Governing and Speed Control — Droop, Load Sharing and the Overspeed Trip
  8. Cooling, Lubrication and Fuel — Systems and the Tanks Checked Before Starting
  9. The Alternator and Switchboard — AVR, Load Shedding and the Automatic Plant
  10. The Emergency Generator — Location, Starting, Fuel and the Emergency Board
  11. Operating the Plant — Preparing, Starting, Watchkeeping and Keeping Warm
  12. Maintenance and Troubleshooting — Overhauls, Tappet Clearance and Reading a Fault
  13. Safety — Crankcase Explosion, Scavenge Fire and Starting Air Line Explosion

Deck Machinery

  1. What Deck Machinery Has To Do — Duty, Rating and Control
  2. Electric Drives for Deck Machinery — Motors, Converters and Stalling
  3. Hydraulic Drives for Deck Machinery — Fluid, Pumps and Circuits
  4. Anchor Handling and the Windlass — Duties, Brake and Slipping Clutch
  5. Mooring Equipment — Winches, Capstans, Wire Rope and Tension Control
  6. Cargo Winches and Derricks — Duties, Union Purchase and Slewing Rigs
  7. Deck Cranes — Three Motions, Level Luffing and Safety Features
  8. Hatch Covers and Cargo Access — Types, Seals, Cleats and Surveys
  9. Lifeboat Davits and Davit Winches — Gravity Lowering and Two Brakes
  10. Maintenance of Deck Machinery — Intervals, Greasing and Overhauls
  11. Safety on Deck — Stored Energy, Isolation and Hazardous Areas

Propeller, Shafting & Stern Tube

  1. The Shafting System — What It Carries and How It Is Sized
  2. Shaft Bearings — Plain, Tilting Pad and Roller
  3. The Thrust Block and Thrust Shaft — Clearance, Pads and Support
  4. Shaft Couplings and Coupling Bolts — Flange, Hydraulic and Muff
  5. The Propeller Shaft — Liners and Propeller Mounting
  6. Propeller Shaft Faults, Weardown and Withdrawal
  7. Sea Water Lubricated Stern Tubes — Staves, Water Supply and Rewooding
  8. Oil Lubricated Stern Tubes — White Metal, Lip Seals and Header Tanks
  9. Split Stern Bearings and Withdrawable Stern Gear
  10. Stern Tube Seals — Lip, Floating Ring and Radial Face
  11. Shaft Alignment — Datums, Sighting Methods and the Jacking Check
  12. The Propeller — Fixed Pitch, Controllable Pitch and Cavitation
  13. Reduction Gearing, Flexible Couplings and Clutches
  14. Shafting Ancillaries — Friction Brake, Torsionmeter and Earthing Device

Watchkeeping

  1. Engine Watchkeeping — Handover, Rounds & Work Safety
  2. Permits to Work: Enclosed Space Entry Criteria & Precautions
  3. Permits to Work: Hot Work, Working Aloft/Overside & LOTO Isolation

Boiler

  1. Boiler Plant Working Flow
  2. Start-up, Raising Steam, and Shutdown
  3. Normal Operation, Load Control, and Watchkeeping
  4. Boiler Water Treatment, Testing, and Blowdown
  5. Boiler Safety Devices and Emergency Response
  6. Troubleshooting the Boiler
  7. Overhauling, Inspection, and Repair

Pumps

  1. Pump Principles and Pump Types
  2. Centrifugal Pump Construction
  3. Axial Thrust Balancing & Balance Holes in Centrifugal Pumps
  4. Suction, NPSH, Cavitation and Priming
  5. Pump Curves and Speed Rules Made Simple
  6. Operation and Watchkeeping
  7. Pumping Systems Onboard
  8. Troubleshooting Index
  9. Overhaul, Inspection and Repair
  10. Safety and Emergency Actions
  11. Positive Displacement Pumps (Screw, Gear, Reciprocating) & Jet Eductors

Bow Thrusters & Stabilizers

  1. Bow Thrusters & Azimuth Jet Units — Tunnel Thrusters, CPP Blades and the White Gill Jet
  2. Fin Stabilizers & Anti-Roll Tanks — Denny-Brown Folding Fins, Hydraulic Tilting and Flume Systems

Tanker & Gas Cargo Systems

  1. Centrifugal Cargo Pumps & Stripping Systems — Double-Entry Impellers, Steam Turbines and Vac-Strip
  2. Submerged Hydraulic Cargo Pumps (Framo), Cofferdam Purging & Crude Oil Washing (COW)

Materials & Metallurgy

  1. Marine Materials, Metallurgy & Mechanical Testing

Fuel Technology

  1. Marine Fuel Testing, ISO 8217 & Combustion Analysis

Corrosion & Tribology

  1. Marine Lube Oil Chemistry, Tribology & Microbial Degradation

Marine Propulsion & Diesel Engines

MEO Class 4 Motor — theoretical cycles, two-stroke and four-stroke construction, fuel injection, turbocharging, indicator diagrams, engine operation and troubleshooting.

Engine Basics & Cycles

  1. Theoretical Cycles — Otto, Diesel & Dual Combustion
  2. Diesel Engine Basics — Terms, Strokes & Timing
  3. Diesel Engine Types — 2-Stroke Crosshead vs 4-Stroke Trunk
  4. Engine Nomenclature — Decode MAN, Sulzer, Daihatsu & Spec Sheets

Two-Stroke Construction

  1. Two-Stroke Structure — Frame, Tie Rods, Liner, Piston & Crosshead
  2. Marine Crankshafts — Builds, Bedplate, Chocks & Alignment
  3. Engine Bearings — Renewal, Crosshead to Thrust Block
  4. Camshaft Chain Drive, Hydraulic Tensioners & Timing Synchronisation
  5. Crosshead Assembly, Guide Clearances & Piston Rod Stuffing Box
  6. Cylinder Liner Wear, Calibration & Cold Corrosion
  7. Piston Crowns, Piston Rings & Thermal Mechanics
  8. Exhaust Valve Actuation, Air Spring Mechanics & Spindle Metallurgy
  9. Engine Bedplate Foundation, Holding Down Bolts & Epoxy Chocking
  10. Crankshaft Alignment, Web Deflections & Bearing Clearances

Two-Stroke Construction & Scavenging

  1. Charge Air Cooler & Scavenge Air System — Density Thermodynamics, Fouling Diagnostics & Condensate Control

Fuel Injection & Governing

  1. Marine Fuel Injection Pumps — Jerk Systems, Super-VIT Mechanisms & Common Rail Injection

Fuel Injection & Atomisation

  1. Marine Fuel Injectors — Atomisation Dynamics, Slide Valves & The Seven Workshop Bench Tests

Electronic Control

  1. Electronic Engines — Camless Fuel, Exhaust & Start-Air Control

Four-Stroke Engines

  1. Four-Stroke Aux Engines — Layout to Lubrication

Gas Turbines

  1. Gas Turbines — Continuous Combustion at Sea

Performance & Indication

  1. Indicator Diagrams, Power Balancing & Engine Performance

Engine Operation

  1. Two-Stroke Main Engine Standby & Start Preparation: Preheating, Turning Gear, Blow-Through & Bridge Control Changeover
  2. Starting & Reversing the Two-Stroke
  3. Manoeuvring, Port Ops & Engine Vigilance
  4. Four-Stroke Operation — Alternator Duty
  5. Starting Air System Physics, Explosions & Air Distributor

Lubrication & Fuel Systems

  1. Lube Oil & Fuel Systems — Properties, Treatment & Changeover

Safety & Troubles

  1. Safe Engine Room Watchkeeping: UMS Certification, Physical Rounds, Automation Safeguards & Emergency Response
  2. Engine Protections, Vibration Watch & Performance Curves
  3. Marine Diesel Engine Starting & Running Troubles: Fault Trees, Knock Diagnosis & Emergency Response
  4. Crankcase Explosions, Oil Mist Detectors & Relief Valves
  5. Scavenge Fires, Trunk Safety & Relief Devices

Engine Control & Automation

  1. Marine Engine Speed Control: Mechanical-Hydraulic Governors, Droop Characteristics & Electronic Actuators
  2. Engine Remote Control, Shaft Power Measurement & Computer Indicator Systems

Governor & Scavenging

  1. Marine Turbochargers: Aerodynamics, Bearings, Washing & Surge Mitigation

Cylinder Lubrication

  1. Electronic Cylinder Lubrication: Alpha Lubricator & Pulse Systems

Engine Dynamics & Vibration

  1. Marine Engine Vibration, Critical Speeds & Dampers

Dual-Fuel Technology

  1. Dual-Fuel Marine Diesel Engines: MAN ME-GI vs WinGD X-DF

Fuel Injection

  1. Variable Injection Timing (VIT), Super-VIT & Engine Emissions

Marine Electrical Systems

Function 5 quick-reference — switchboards and protection, motors and starters, transformers and electronics, alternators and parallel running, batteries, instruments and safety systems.

Fundamentals & Laws

  1. Electrical Fundamentals — Current, Power & Laws
  2. Phase, RMS Value & Power Factor Explained

Switchboards & Protection

  1. Switchboards & Protection — MSB to Emergency Bus
  2. Protection Chain — Contactors, Breakers, Overload vs Short Circuit

Motors & Starters

  1. Induction Motors — Principle, Faults & Testing
  2. Motor Starters — Taming 8–10× Current
  3. Crane, Windlass & Deck Machinery — Brakes, Checks, Tests & Safeties

Transformers & Electronics

  1. Transformers, Diodes & Thyristors

Alternators & Parallel Running

  1. Brushless Alternator Working, Paralleling & AVR Explained
  2. Diesel Generator Starting Procedure & Alternator On-Load | Marine Guide

Batteries & Supplies

  1. Marine Batteries: Lead-Acid vs NiCd, Charging & 440/220 V Distribution

Instruments & Safety Systems

  1. Instruments & Safety Systems

High Voltage Systems

  1. Marine High Voltage (HV) Installations — 3.3 kV, 6.6 kV & 11 kV Switchgear and Safety

Instrumentation & Control

  1. Marine Pneumatic & Electronic Process PID Controllers

Line Diagrams (P&ID)

Clear, modern one-line piping diagrams traced from real ship drawings — inspect valves, pumps and tanks to learn each component and how the system works.

All topics

  1. Fuel Oil System — Interactive One-Line Diagram 10 min
  2. Marine Compressed Air & Main Engine Starting Air System 10 min
  3. Marine Central Cooling Water System (HT / LT / SW) 10 min
  4. Lubricating Oil System — Interactive One-Line Diagram 11 min
  5. Bilge, Ballast & Fire Main System — Interactive One-Line Diagram 12 min
  6. Steering Gear — Interactive One-Line Diagram 12 min
  7. Steam and Condensate System — Interactive One-Line Diagram 13 min

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